To show deflection of cathode rays by a magnet. Horizontal tube is fitted with a fluorescent aluminium plate, the cathode side of which is bent at right angle and is provided with a slit. Cathode rays passing through the slit cast a sharp and bright shadow across the aluminium plate. When a magnet is brought near, the cathode rays deflect sharply.
Features
Electron beam generation: A heater in the electron gun heats a cathode, causing it to emit electrons through thermionic emission. Acceleration: A high voltage accelerates these electrons into a focused beam. Deflection: The beam passes between two parallel plates or coils that generate a controllable electric or magnetic field.
Electrostatic deflection: An electric field between two parallel plates is used to deflect the beam. A potential difference across the plates creates an electric field, causing the electron beam to curve.
Magnetic deflection: An external magnetic field is used to deflect the beam. The force on the moving electrons is perpendicular to both the magnetic field and the direction of the electron's velocity. Fluorescent screen: The deflected beam strikes a fluorescent screen at the end of the tube, causing a visible spot or line of light.